A 15-year-old boy with a history of severe asthma presents to the emergency department in obvious respiratory distress. After multiple nebulizer treatments and doses of intravenous corticosteroids, he develops nausea, vomiting, and weakness. Studies reveal a potassium level of 2.6 mEq/L and U waves on ECG. Which of the following medications most likely would have elicited these symptoms?
患者男性15岁,有严重哮喘病史,因明显呼吸窘迫急诊。在多次雾化器治疗和静脉注射皮质类固醇后,患者出现恶心、呕吐和无力。研究显示钾水平为2.6 mEq/L,ECG显示 U 波。以下哪种药物最有可能引起这些症状?
(A) Albuterol 沙丁胺醇
(B) Cromolyn 色甘酸钠
(C) Ipratropium 异丙托溴铵
(D) Theophylline 茶碱
(E) Zileuton
答案解析:
β-激动剂(如沙丁胺醇)可能导致钾转移至细胞内,导致低钾血症。这可能导致由于心肌细胞膜不稳定导致的 ECG 异常,典型的例子是 U 波。短效β受体激动剂(如沙丁胺醇)用于治疗急性哮喘急性加重,因为其对支气管平滑肌具有舒张作用。长效β受体激动剂(如沙美特罗)用于预防支气管痉挛。
正确答案:A
原创文章(本站视频密码:66668888),作者:xujunzju,如若转载,请注明出处:https://zyicu.cn/?p=14736