A 65-year-old man with a 110-pack-year history of smoking presents to his primary care physician because of shortness of breath, dyspnea on exertion, and cough for three months’ duration. X-ray of the chest reveals flattened diaphragms bilaterally. The doctor orders pulmonary function tests to evaluate the patient. Which of the following pulmonary function test results would most likely be found in this patient? 一名有110包/年吸烟史的65岁男性因为呼吸短促、劳力性呼吸困难和咳嗽持续3个月到初级保健医生处就诊。胸部 X 线检查显示双侧膈肌变平。医生安排肺功能检查以评估患者。该患者最有可能出现以下哪种肺功能检查结果？
(A) Decreased FEV1:FVC
(B) Decreased functional residual capacity
(C) Decreased total lung capacity
(D) Increased FEV1
(E) Increased FEV1:FVC
答案解析：
长期吸烟史和 X 线片上存在扁平膈提示COPD。阻塞性肺疾病的标志是FEV1:FVC比值降低 (< 80%)。COPD患者由于阻塞 FEV1 降低。在限制性肺病中，FEV1:FVC正常或增加。
正确答案：A
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