An epidemic of a diarrhea has broken out in a city hospital. Colonoscopy of one of the affected patients reveals colonic inflammation with exudates and necrosis of the mucosal surface. Assays for toxin A and toxin B are positive. Which of the following is the microbiology laboratory likely to isolate from the affected patients?
市医院里爆发了一场流行性腹泻。其中一名患者的结肠镜检查显示结肠炎症伴黏膜表面渗出和坏死。毒素A和毒素B检测呈阳性。微生物实验室可能从受影响的病人身上分离出下列哪一项?
(A) A gram-negative facultative intracellular organism 一种革兰阴性兼性胞内生物
(B) A gram-negative lactose fermenter 革兰阴性乳糖发酵罐
(C) A gram-negative lactose nonfermenter革兰阴性乳糖非发酵菌
(D) A gram-positive aerobe 革兰阳性需氧菌
(E) A gram-positive anaerobe 一种革兰阳性厌氧菌
答案解析:
结肠炎症伴黏膜表面渗出和坏死的描述是由艰难梭菌引起的伪膜性结肠炎,这种病曾多次暴发流行。艰难梭菌是一种革兰阳性厌氧菌形成孢子,产生毒素a(引起腹泻)和毒素b(具有细胞毒性)。产生大量这些毒素的菌株会导致与艰难梭菌结肠炎相关的发病率甚至死亡率增加。
正确答案:E
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