A 48-year-man with chronic renal failure underwent a cadaveric renal transplant. The operation was a success, and the transplanted kidney started producing urine “on the operating table.” However, one week later, the patient’s creatinine level begins to rise and his urine output drops. He does not experience dysuria, and urinalysis shows no bacteria or crystals. A biopsy taken from the transplanted kidney shows a cellular infiltrate. Which of the following would most likely be found on the surface of the cells responsible for this patient’s current condition?
一名患慢性肾衰竭的48岁男性接受了尸体肾移植。手术很成功,移植的肾“在手术台上”开始产生尿液。然而,1周后,患者的肌酐水平开始升高,尿量减少。患者无排尿困难,尿液分析显示无细菌或晶体。移植肾的活检显示细胞浸润。以下哪一项最可能出现在导致该患者目前状况的细胞表面?
(A) CD20
(B) CD27
(C) CD34
(D) CD4
(E) CD8
答案解析:
这个病人对最近移植的器官有排斥反应。有三种类型的排斥反应:超急性,急性和慢性。超急性排斥反应是由预先形成的对移植器官的抗体介导的。在大多数情况下,在手术室就可以观察到。急性排斥反应随时可能发生,但最可能发生在移植后的前三个月。这是由于宿主和移植物之间的人类白细胞抗原差异,在肝脏或肾脏等血管丰富的器官中更常见。最后,慢性排斥反应是一个缓慢的过程,由于成纤维细胞活性的增加导致移植组织的纤维化。该患者发生了由细胞毒性T细胞(CD8)介导的急性排斥反应。
正确答案:E
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