每日一题_2023.07.09

The retinoblastoma gene on chromosome 13, which encodes the retinoblastoma tumor sup- pressor protein, has served as a paradigm for the study of several other tumor suppressor genes. Survivors of hereditary retinoblastoma have increased risk for the development of additional neoplasms. Which of the following is the most likely non-ocular tumor to occur in a survivor of hereditary retinoblastoma?

位于13号染色体上的视网膜母细胞瘤基因编码视网膜母细胞瘤肿瘤抑制蛋白，已成为研究其他几种肿瘤抑制基因的范例。遗传性视网膜母细胞瘤的幸存者发生其他肿瘤的风险增加。下列哪一种是遗传性视网膜母细胞瘤幸存者最可能发生的非眼肿瘤?

(A) Esophageal adenocarcinoma食管腺癌

(B) Femoral osteosarcoma股骨骨肉瘤

(C) Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid 甲状腺髓样癌

(D) Renal cell carcinoma肾癌

(E) Serous cystadenoma of the ovary卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤

(F) Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung 肺鳞状细胞癌

(G) Transitional cell carcinoma移行细胞癌

答案解析：

遗传性视网膜母细胞瘤幸存者患软组织肉瘤、骨肉瘤、黑色素瘤和几种脑癌的风险增加。骨肉瘤是最常见的原发性恶性骨肿瘤，好发于股骨远端、胫骨近端或肱骨近端。骨肉瘤的其他危险因素包括骨Paget病、骨梗死和辐射。x射线上可见科德曼三角或太阳爆发图案。

正确答案：B