每日一题_2023.09.16

Informed consent is the legal demonstration of a patient’s understanding of the risks, benefits, and outcomes of treatments and alternatives. As such, the patient is taking responsibility for making decisions in the medical process, but is authorizing the physician to provide the treatment. While informed consent is an important ethical principle, there are exceptions to the requirement of obtaining it. Which of the following circumstances is a valid exception to the requirement of obtaining informed consent?

知情同意是患者对治疗和替代方案的风险、获益和结局的理解的法律证明。因此，患者在医疗过程中承担了做出决定的责任，但也授权了医生提供治疗。虽然知情同意是一项重要的伦理原则，但获得知情同意的要求也有例外。下列哪一种情况是获得知情同意要求的有效例外?

(A)  A competent patient’s son wishes to waive his father’s rights一个有能力的病人的儿子希望放弃他父亲的权利

(B)  A paralyzed patient cannot speak but can nod his head for consent瘫痪病人不能说话，但可以点头表示同意

(C)  A patient is mentally disabled but legally competent病人有精神残疾，但在法律上有能力

(D)  A physician believes that informing the patient will be detrimental to the patient’s health医生认为告知病人会对病人的健康有害

(E)  A stable patient is in the emergency de- partment for treatment of a femur fracture一个病情稳定的病人正在急诊科接受股骨骨折的治疗

答案解析：

治疗特权是知情同意的一个罕见的适当例外情况。原则是告知病人对他或她的健康是有害的。一般来说，在援引这一原则时，医生应咨询不参与患者治疗的另一名医生、精神科医生和/或伦理委员会。它并不是指隐瞒医生认为会降低病人接受手术的可能性的信息。

正确答案：D