An 84-year-old man with benign prostatic hyperplasia who had been admitted to the hospital with acute kidney injury due to obstructive uropathy was noted to have gray skin. The skin changes had been present for 5 years. On physical examination, diffuse slate-gray pigmentation of the skin, particularly on the face, hands and nails, and sclera, was seen. A skin biopsy revealed small, dark granules in the basement membrane of sweat glands and in pilosebaceous units, blood vessels, and elastic fibers in the dermis. What is the diagnosis?
一位84岁的男性患有良性前列腺增生,因梗阻性尿路病变导致的急性肾损伤入院,被发现皮肤呈灰色。皮肤变化已经存在了5年。在体格检查中,皮肤呈现弥漫性板岩灰色色素沉着,特别是在面部、手和指甲以及巩膜上。皮肤活检显示,在汗腺基底膜和毛囊单位、血管和真皮中的弹性纤维中有小的深色颗粒。诊断是什么?
A. Amiodarone-induced hyperpigmentation阿米奥达隆引起的色素沉着
B. Argyria银质沉着症
C. Hemochromatosis血色病
D. Minocycline-induced hyperpigmentation米诺环素引起的色素沉着
E. Wilson’s disease威尔逊病
答案解析:
血清银水平为423纳摩尔每升(参考值,<10)。诊断为全身性银质沉着症。全身性银质沉着症是由系统性银暴露引起的,导致皮肤色素沉着不可逆地变暗。肤色变化在阳光暴露的区域最为明显,因为阳光催化了元素银的还原。患者在他几十年的服务员工作中没有显著的银暴露。他没有使用含银的产品,比如胶体银。他公寓楼里其他居民也没有肤色变化。出院时,患者被推荐进行进一步的毒理学评估。最终,银暴露的来源没有被识别。
KIMI的回答:患者出现了皮肤色素沉着,特别是面部、手部和指甲,以及巩膜,皮肤活检显示在汗腺基底膜、毛囊、血管和弹性纤维中有小的暗色颗粒。这些症状与银质沉着症(Argyria)相符,这是一种由于长期接触银或含银化合物导致银在皮肤组织中沉着的疾病,表现为皮肤呈灰黑色或浅石板色
正确答案:B
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