每日一题_2023.08.09

ABO testing on a sample of B-positive blood and two unknown sample types (donor and recipient) is performed. Positive antibody- antigen interaction results in RBC agglutination. Five experiments are conducted for each sample, as shown in the image. Which of the following pairs represents the blood types for donor and recipient?

对一份B阳性血液样本和两份未知血型样本(供者和受者)进行ABO血型检测。阳性抗体-抗原相互作用导致红细胞凝集。每个样本进行了5次实验，如图所示。下列哪一对代表供者和受者的血型?

(A) A-positive donor and O-negative recipient

(B) AB-negative donor and A-positive recipient

(C) AB-positive donor and B-negative recipient

(D) B-negative donor and AB-positive recipient

(E) O-negative donor and A-positive recipient

(F) O-positive donor and B-negative recipient

答案解析：

因为供者的红细胞不与抗A或抗B抗体凝集，所以供者的血型一定是O型。供者血清既能凝集A细胞又能凝集B细胞，这一事实证实了这一点，因为O型血清同时含有抗A和抗B抗体。根据类似的推理，受血者必须是a型血。抗- d凝集意味着样本中的红细胞具有Rh抗原。因此，供体是Rh阴性，而受体是Rh阳性。因此，正确的一对是o型阴性供体和a型阳性受体。供者和受者的血液应该总是交叉匹配，因为受者体内预先形成的抗体可以溶解供者的红细胞，反之亦然。这种免疫反应可达到急性溶血性输血反应的高潮，并伴有休克、发热、胸痛和胁痛的后遗症。

正确答案：E