每日一题_2023.08.17

A 30-year-old male with recently diagnosed aplastic anemia presented to the emergency department with a 2-day history of fever, nonpruritic rash, and ankle and knee pain. Ten days prior, he had completed a course of horse anti-thymocyte globulin as a treatment for his aplastic anemia. Laboratory studies were notable for worsening neutropenia, low C3 and C4 levels, a CRP of 114 mg per liter (reference value < 5), and negative blood cultures. What type of hypersensitivity reaction is most likely responsible for this patient’s clinical presentation?

一名最近被诊断为再生障碍性贫血的30岁男性因发热、非瘙痒性皮疹以及踝和膝关节疼痛2日到急诊科就诊。10天前，患者已完成一个疗程的马抗胸腺细胞球蛋白治疗再生障碍性贫血。值得注意的是，实验室检查显示中性粒细胞减少症恶化，C3和C4水平低，CRP为114 mg / l(参考值<5)、血培养阴性。哪种类型的超敏反应最有可能导致该患者的临床表现?

A. Type I hypersensitivity reaction 

B. Type II hypersensitivity reaction 

C. Type III hypersensitivity reaction 

D. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction 

E. This is not a hypersensitivity reaction

答案解析：

该患者被诊断为马抗胸腺细胞球蛋白引起的血清病。血清病是一种由抗原-抗体或免疫复合物形成的ⅲ型超敏反应。经5日糖皮质激素静脉给药后，患者症状缓解。

正确答案：C